This chapter introduces data as information collected about people, objects, or events. Students learn how data can be represented visually using a pictograph, which uses pictures or symbols to show quantities.
A pictograph includes important parts such as a title, a key or scale (showing what each symbol represents), and clear, equal-sized symbols. Sometimes half symbols are used to represent partial values.
Students practice reading and interpreting pictographs by counting symbols and multiplying by the scale to find actual numbers. They also compare categories and understand trends.
The chapter shows how pictographs are useful in real life, such as displaying school attendance, survey results, shop items, or traffic counts.
Overall, this chapter helps students organize, represent, and interpret data clearly using pictures.
Key Points
• Data = Story in Numbers 📊 – Information about things, people, or events.
Ex: Students’ favourite fruits, number of books read, or hours spent on games.
• Pictograph = Picture Chart 🖼️ – Uses symbols or pictures to represent data quantities.
Key/Scale: Each symbol represents a certain number (½ icon can represent half-unit).
Example: 🍎 = 5 apples, 🟦 = 2 books, etc.
• Essential Features of Pictographs
Title → What the data is about
Key / Scale → How much each symbol stands for
Symbols / Icons → All the same size; can use fractions for half/partial units
Neatness & Clarity → Makes reading and comparing easy
• Reading & Interpreting Data
Count symbols × scale → actual numbers
Compare totals, differences, or trends between categories
• Simplifying Large Data
Use bigger scale (1 icon = 5, 10, or 20 units) to make charts manageable
• Practical Use 🏫
School attendance, shop stock, traffic counts, survey results—all can be shown using pictographs.
👉 👉 Pictographs turn numbers into pictures, making it easy to spot patterns, compare, and understand data quickly. Great for school surveys, traffic studies, or even daily habits!